{"id":3313,"date":"2025-06-24T09:47:59","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T02:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/c4ir.vn\/?p=3313"},"modified":"2025-06-25T14:12:09","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T07:12:09","slug":"cach-mang-cong-nghiep-lan-thu-4-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/c4ir.vn\/en\/cach-mang-cong-nghiep-lan-thu-4-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 4 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, CMCN 4.0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea1o ra “nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh” v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cao. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

\"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

CMCN 4.0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 1.0 (kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18 – \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19)<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Th\u1eddi gian: Kho\u1ea3ng 1784 – 1840.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: C\u01a1 gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
  • T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng: Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sang c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1eadp trung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \"C\u00e1ch
    \u0110\u1ea7u m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeda ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 2.0 (kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 – \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20)<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Th\u1eddi gian: Kho\u1ea3ng 1871 – 1914.<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: \u0110i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (Henry Ford).<\/li>\n
    • T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quy m\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 3.0 (kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970)<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • Th\u1eddi gian: Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970 – \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/li>\n
      • \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n
      • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: M\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, Internet, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, robot h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
      • T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m do t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 (b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2011)<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • Th\u1eddi gian: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2011 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf Hannover, \u0110\u1ee9c).<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: S\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/li>\n
        • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: IoT, AI, Big Data, Blockchain, In 3D, Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o\/Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (VR\/AR), \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud Computing), Robot t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh (RPA), C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
        • T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng: Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh, kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ed1, y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh m\u1edbi, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, an ninh m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i 4.0<\/h2>\n

          Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a CMCN 4.0, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n

          1. Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt (IoT)<\/h3>\n

          IoT l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd, xe c\u1ed9, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c qua internet. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu th\u1eadp, g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb IoT t\u1ea1o ra “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn” (Big Data), l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho AI v\u00e0 Machine Learning.<\/p>\n

          2. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning)<\/h3>\n

          \"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI): L\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, suy lu\u1eadn, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/li>\n
          • H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning – ML): L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a AI, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. ML gi\u00fap AI t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t theo th\u1eddi gian b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc. AI v\u00e0 ML l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Big Data, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng minh trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            3. Big Data (D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

            Big Data l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi 3V:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Volume (Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng): L\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y t\u1eeb v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n
            • Velocity (T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9): T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o ra, thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
            • Variety (\u0110a d\u1ea1ng): D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v.v.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Big Data gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

              4. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in 3D (Additive Manufacturing)<\/h3>\n

              C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in 3D cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd ba chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng t\u1eebng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

              5. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Blockchain<\/h3>\n

              Blockchain l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch minh b\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba t\u1eadp trung. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh) \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, y t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

              6. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c<\/h3>\n
                \n
              • \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud Computing): Cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ea1ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch) qua Internet. L\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd Big Data, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI v\u00e0 IoT.<\/li>\n
              • Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o (VR) v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (AR): VR t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, trong khi AR ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed.<\/li>\n
              • Robot t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh (RPA): Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m robot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0<\/h2>\n

                \"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

                CMCN 4.0 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

                C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
                • \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o: Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh m\u1edbi (kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ed1, kinh t\u1ebf chia s\u1ebb).<\/li>\n
                • C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong y t\u1ebf (ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a), gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c (h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a), giao th\u00f4ng (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh).<\/li>\n
                • T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh: Doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n